The end of the conflicts in Liberia and Sierra Leone has led to an increase in agricultural production and trade. Recent market monitoring activities in both countries have identified cross-border trade as a factor affecting aggregate and household food security. This study aims to further investigate the issue, thereby contributing to a better knowledge of the determinants of household food security. This report offers an overview of the main cross-border trade flows, an analysis of the market actor’s characteristics and a discussion of the link between cross-border trade and household food security.