This impact evaluation examines the impacts of women’s participation in WFP’s Food Assistance for Assets (FFA) programme in Kenya, where participants received cash transfers in return, on key outcomes including food security, consumption, time use, empowerment, intra-household agency and gender dynamics, and measures of wellbeing.
Overall, the evaluation found that targeting women in FFA programming led to significant improvements in agency, attitudes, and perceptions of gender norms. These effects persisted after the programme ended. However, food security and consumption impacts were limited and temporary. The findings support the theory that offering women opportunities to work outside the home and receive direct transfers can be an effective way to support women’s empowerment.
It forms part of the WFP Office of Evaluation’s Cash-Based Transfers (CBT) and Gender Impact Evaluation Window and is delivered in partnership with the World Bank’s Development Impact Department.